二叉树遍历代码
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#include"iostream.h"
#include"stdlib.h"
#include"stdio.h"
#includestack
using namespace std;
#define NULL 0
#define OK 1
#define OVERFLOW -1
typedef int Status;
typedef struct node
{
char data;
struct node *lchild;
struct node *rchild;
}*bitree;
int k=0;
int depth(bitree T)//树的高度
{
if(!T)return 0;
else
{
int m=depth(T-lchild); int n=depth(T-rchild); return (mn?m:n)+1;
}
}
//先序，中序 建树
struct node *create(char *pre,char *ord,int n) {
struct node * T;
int m;
T=NULL;
if(n=0)
{
return NULL;
}
else
{
m=0;
T=new(struct node);
T-data=*pre;
T-lchild=T-rchild=NULL; while(ord[m]!=*pre)
m++;
T-lchild=create(pre+1,ord,m);
T-rchild=create (pre+m+1,ord+m+1,n-m-1); return T;
}
}
//中序递归遍历
void inorder(struct node *T)
{
if(!T)
return;
else
{
inorder(T-lchild );
coutT-data;
inorder(T-rchild );
}
}
void inpre(struct node *T)
{
if(!T)
return;
else
{
coutT-data;
inpre(T-lchild );
inpre(T-rchild );
}
}
void postorder(struct node *T)
{
if(!T)
return;
else
{
postorder (T-lchild );
postorder (T-rchild );
coutT-data;
}
}
//先序非递归遍历
void inpre1(struct node *T)
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{
struct node *p;
struct node *stack[20];
int top=0;
p=T;
cout"非递归先序为:"endl;
while(p||top!=0)
{
while (p)
{
stack[top++]=p;
coutp-data;
p=p-lchild;
}
p=stack[--top];
p=p-rchild ;
}
}
//中序非递归遍历
void inorder1(struct node *T)
{
struct node *p;
struct node *stack[20];
int top=0;
p=T;
cout"非递归中序为:"endl;
while(p||top!=0)
{
while (p)
{
stack[top++]=p;
p=p-lchild ;
}
p=stack[--top];
coutp-data;
p=p-rchild ;
}
}
//主函数
int main()
{
bitree T;
char pre[30],ord[30];
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int n,m;
cout"请输入先序为-+a*b%cd/ef的二叉树:"endl; gets(pre);
cout"请输入中序为a+b*c%d-e/f的二叉树:"endl; gets(ord);
n=strlen(pre);
T=create(pre,ord,n);
cout "后序遍历为:"endl;
postorder (T);
coutendl;
inpre1(T);
coutendl;
inorder1(T);
coutendl;
m=depth(T);
cout"二叉树高度为："mendl;
return 0;
}
java构造二叉树，可以通过链表来构造，如下代码：
public class BinTree {public final static int MAX=40;BinTree []elements = new BinTree[MAX];//层次遍历时保存各个节点 int front;//层次遍历时队首 int rear;//层次遍历时队尾private Object data; //数据元数private BinTree left,right; //指向左,右孩子结点的链public BinTree(){}public BinTree(Object data){ //构造有值结点 this.data = data; left = right = null;}public BinTree(Object data,BinTree left,BinTree right){ //构造有值结点 this.data = data; this.left = left; this.right = right;}public String toString(){ return data.toString();}//前序遍历二叉树public static void preOrder(BinTree parent){ if(parent == null) return; System.out.print(parent.data+" "); preOrder(parent.left); preOrder(parent.right);}//中序遍历二叉树public void inOrder(BinTree parent){ if(parent == null) return; inOrder(parent.left); System.out.print(parent.data+" "); inOrder(parent.right);}//后序遍历二叉树public void postOrder(BinTree parent){ if(parent == null) return; postOrder(parent.left); postOrder(parent.right); System.out.print(parent.data+" ");}// 层次遍历二叉树 public void LayerOrder(BinTree parent){ elements[0]=parent; front=0;rear=1; while(frontrear) { try { if(elements[front].data!=null) { System.out.print(elements[front].data + " "); if(elements[front].left!=null) elements[rear++]=elements[front].left; if(elements[front].right!=null) elements[rear++]=elements[front].right; front++; } }catch(Exception e){break;} }}//返回树的叶节点个数public int leaves(){ if(this == null) return 0; if(left == nullright == null) return 1; return (left == null ? 0 : left.leaves())+(right == null ? 0 : right.leaves());}//结果返回树的高度public int height(){ int heightOfTree; if(this == null) return -1; int leftHeight = (left == null ? 0 : left.height()); int rightHeight = (right == null ? 0 : right.height()); heightOfTree = leftHeightrightHeight?rightHeight:leftHeight; return 1 + heightOfTree;}//如果对象不在树中,结果返回-1;否则结果返回该对象在树中所处的层次,规定根节点为第一层public int level(Object object){ int levelInTree; if(this == null) return -1; if(object == data) return 1;//规定根节点为第一层 int leftLevel = (left == null?-1:left.level(object)); int rightLevel = (right == null?-1:right.level(object)); if(leftLevel0rightLevel0) return -1; levelInTree = leftLevelrightLevel?rightLevel:leftLevel; return 1+levelInTree; }//将树中的每个节点的孩子对换位置public void reflect(){ if(this == null) return; if(left != null) left.reflect(); if(right != null) right.reflect(); BinTree temp = left; left = right; right = temp;}// 将树中的所有节点移走,并输出移走的节点public void defoliate(){ if(this == null) return; //若本节点是叶节点，则将其移走 if(left==nullright == null) { System.out.print(this + " "); data = null; return; } //移走左子树若其存在 if(left!=null){ left.defoliate(); left = null; } //移走本节点，放在中间表示中跟移走... String innerNode += this + " "; data = null; //移走右子树若其存在 if(right!=null){ right.defoliate(); right = null; }} /*** @param args*/public static void main(String[] args) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub BinTree e = new BinTree("E"); BinTree g = new BinTree("G"); BinTree h = new BinTree("H"); BinTree i = new BinTree("I"); BinTree d = new BinTree("D",null,g); BinTree f = new BinTree("F",h,i); BinTree b = new BinTree("B",d,e); BinTree c = new BinTree("C",f,null); BinTree tree = new BinTree("A",b,c); System.out.println("前序遍历二叉树结果: "); tree.preOrder(tree); System.out.println(); System.out.println("中序遍历二叉树结果: "); tree.inOrder(tree); System.out.println(); System.out.println("后序遍历二叉树结果: "); tree.postOrder(tree); System.out.println(); System.out.println("层次遍历二叉树结果: "); tree.LayerOrder(tree); System.out.println(); System.out.println("F所在的层次: "+tree.level("F")); System.out.println("这棵二叉树的高度: "+tree.height()); System.out.println("--------------------------------------"); tree.reflect(); System.out.println("交换每个节点的孩子节点后......"); System.out.println("前序遍历二叉树结果: "); tree.preOrder(tree); System.out.println(); System.out.println("中序遍历二叉树结果: "); tree.inOrder(tree); System.out.println(); System.out.println("后序遍历二叉树结果: "); tree.postOrder(tree); System.out.println(); System.out.println("层次遍历二叉树结果: "); tree.LayerOrder(tree); System.out.println(); System.out.println("F所在的层次: "+tree.level("F")); System.out.println("这棵二叉树的高度: "+tree.height());
二叉树的相关操作，包括创建，中序、先序、后序（递归和非递归），其中重点的是java在先序创建二叉树和后序非递归遍历的的实现。
package com.algorithm.tree;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.util.Queue;
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.Stack;
import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue;
public class Tree {
private Node root;
public Tree() {
}
public Tree(Node root) {
this.root = root;
}
//创建二叉树
public void buildTree() {
Scanner scn = null;
try {
scn = new Scanner(new File("input.txt"));
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
root = createTree(root,scn);
}
//先序遍历创建二叉树
private Node createTree(Node node,Scanner scn) {
String temp = scn.next();
if (temp.trim().equals("#")) {
return null;
} else {
node = new Node((T)temp);
node.setLeft(createTree(node.getLeft(), scn));
node.setRight(createTree(node.getRight(), scn));
return node;
}
}
//中序遍历(递归)
public void inOrderTraverse() {
inOrderTraverse(root);
}
public void inOrderTraverse(Node node) {
if (node != null) {
inOrderTraverse(node.getLeft());
System.out.println(node.getValue());
inOrderTraverse(node.getRight());
}
}
//中序遍历(非递归)
public void nrInOrderTraverse() {
StackNode stack = new StackNode();
Node node = root;
while (node != null || !stack.isEmpty()) {
while (node != null) {
stack.push(node);
node = node.getLeft();
}
node = stack.pop();
System.out.println(node.getValue());
node = node.getRight();
}
}
//先序遍历(递归)
public void preOrderTraverse() {
preOrderTraverse(root);
}
public void preOrderTraverse(Node node) {
if (node != null) {
System.out.println(node.getValue());
preOrderTraverse(node.getLeft());
preOrderTraverse(node.getRight());
}
}
//先序遍历（非递归）
public void nrPreOrderTraverse() {
StackNode stack = new StackNode();
Node node = root;
while (node != null || !stack.isEmpty()) {
while (node != null) {
System.out.println(node.getValue());
stack.push(node);
node = node.getLeft();
}
node = stack.pop();
node = node.getRight();
}
}
//后序遍历(递归)
public void postOrderTraverse() {
postOrderTraverse(root);
}
public void postOrderTraverse(Node node) {
if (node != null) {
postOrderTraverse(node.getLeft());
postOrderTraverse(node.getRight());
System.out.println(node.getValue());
}
}
//后续遍历(非递归)
public void nrPostOrderTraverse() {
StackNode stack = new StackNode();
Node node = root;
Node preNode = null;//表示最近一次访问的节点
while (node != null || !stack.isEmpty()) {
while (node != null) {
stack.push(node);
node = node.getLeft();
}
node = stack.peek();
if (node.getRight() == null || node.getRight() == preNode) {
System.out.println(node.getValue());
node = stack.pop();
preNode = node;
node = null;
} else {
node = node.getRight();
}
}
}
//按层次遍历
public void levelTraverse() {
levelTraverse(root);
}
public void levelTraverse(Node node) {
QueueNode queue = new LinkedBlockingQueueNode();
queue.add(node);
while (!queue.isEmpty()) {
Node temp = queue.poll();
if (temp != null) {
System.out.println(temp.getValue());
queue.add(temp.getLeft());
queue.add(temp.getRight());
}
}
}
}
//树的节点
class Node {
private Node left;
private Node right;
private T value;
public Node() {
}
public Node(Node left,Node right,T value) {
this.left = left;
this.right = right;
this.value = value;
}
public Node(T value) {
this(null,null,value);
}
public Node getLeft() {
return left;
}
public void setLeft(Node left) {
this.left = left;
}
public Node getRight() {
return right;
}
public void setRight(Node right) {
this.right = right;
}
public T getValue() {
return value;
}
public void setValue(T value) {
this.value = value;
}
}
测试代码：
package com.algorithm.tree;
public class TreeTest {
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
Tree tree = new Tree();
tree.buildTree();
System.out.println("中序遍历");
tree.inOrderTraverse();
tree.nrInOrderTraverse();
System.out.println("后续遍历");
//tree.nrPostOrderTraverse();
tree.postOrderTraverse();
tree.nrPostOrderTraverse();
System.out.println("先序遍历");
tree.preOrderTraverse();
tree.nrPreOrderTraverse();
//
}
}
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