cooker
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heater
cooler
cleaner(可指清洁用具的)
sailer
1） a person who ~s ：做…的人
如：singer -- a person who sings 歌唱家
admirer -- a person who admires 钦佩者
2） a person who lives in ~ ：住在…的人
如：farmer -- a person who lives in the farmer 农场主，畜牧者
villager -- a person who lives in the village 村民
3） a person who works with ~ ：从事…的人
如：philosopher -- a person who works with philosophy 哲学家
tinner -- a person who works with tin 锡匠
4） a thing that ~ ：做…的器物，工具
如：washer -- a thing that washes 洗涤器，洗衣机
boiler -- a thing that boils 煮器；锅炉
-er 作后缀表示“人”，大家都很熟悉，需要引起注意的是，它有时候表示的是“物”，这点容易让我们犯错误，列出一些（望大家来补充）一起记：
amplifier 放大器 emitter 发射极 reducer 减压器 softener 软化剂
cooker 炊具 typewriter 打字机 washer 洗涤器 boiler 锅炉
另外，-er 也可以放在形容词（adj.），副词（adv.）和数词（num.）的后面，构成人或物。
adj. stranger 陌生人 foreigner 外国人
adv. downer 令人沮丧的人，镇静剂 upper [美俚]兴奋剂，刺激性药物
num. fiver [英]5磅的钞票 [美]5美金 forty-niner 美国1849年涌向加州淘金的人
最后，-er 偶尔可以是表示动词，表示反复和拟声的动作，如：
snigger 暗笑（声）（单词发音模拟“窃笑”发出的声音） vi. n.
twitter 鸟鸣（声）（模拟鸟叫的“叽叽喳喳”声） vi. n.
chatter 喋喋不休，震颤（声） （来自动词 chat 闲谈） vi. n.
clatter 咔嗒（声） （模拟盘碟刀叉等相互撞击的声音,马蹄的“得得”声） vi. vt. n.
batter vt. 连续猛击 n. （棒球等）的击球手 （来自动词 bat 打）
patter 发出急速而轻的拍声；塔塔的跑（声）；念念有词，喋喋叫卖 vi. n.
spatter 溅（声），撒落（声） vt. vi. n.
sputter 喷溅（声），劈啪（声） v. n.
flutter 振翅，拍翅膀 v. n.
quiver 抖动；颤音 v. n.
waver 摇摆，摇晃 vi.
wander 徘徊；迷失 v. n.
mutter 轻声低语，小声抱怨 v. n.
stutter 结结巴巴地说 v. n.
stammer 口吃，结巴 v. n.
glitter 闪闪发光 v. n.
powerful 强大的
peaceful
beautiful 美丽
beats 读音：英 ['bi:ts] 美 ['bi:ts]
释义：v.（心脏等）跳动( beat的第三人称单数 );搜索;（风、雨等）吹打;（鼓）咚咚地响
用法：
一、v. (动词)
1、beat用作动词的基本意思是“打”,指连续的击打,其目的一般是加害或惩罚他人,击打动作则迅速而有序,一般不指明使用的器具。引申可表示娱乐场合或比赛中“打败”“战胜”“胜过”; 还可表示“难倒”“使无法解答”。
2、beat还可指心脏等有节律的舒张与收缩、跳动或使某物不停地上下动、拍动。
3、beat作“击打”解时主语一般为人,宾语可为人,也可为物; 作“拍打”解时,主语多为风、雨、海浪等名词。“拍打在…(地方)”则用at, on, against等引起的介词短语。当作“战胜”“胜过”解时,其主语多为team一类的名词,当作“难倒”“使无法解答”解时,其主语则为problem等。beat还可指劈荆斩棘、开辟道路或踏出一条路。
4、beat可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词。用作及物动词时,可接名词或代词作宾语,可用于被动结构。
5、beat可接以名词、形容词、副词或介词短语充当补足语的复合宾语,意思是“打成…”。
6、beat的过去分词可以是beat或beaten,但beat现在一般只用于形容词或非正式英语中,意思是“很疲乏”或指五六十年代的“奇装异服的”,其他场合一律用beaten。
二、n. (名词)
1、beat用作名词的基本意思是“敲打”,也可指“敲打声”,即有节奏地连续击打、敲打或指敲打时发出的声音,还可作“拍子”解,指音乐节奏的拍子。引申可表示“常去之地”,指过去访问过或游览过的地方。
2、beat还可指“跳动”“悸动”,即心脏、脉搏等的一次跳动。
3、beat作“拍子”解时,一般用于单数形式,其前须加定冠词the。
扩展资料：
近义词
1、thump 读音：英 [θʌmp] 美 [θʌmp]
vt. vi.重击，捶击;步履沉重地走;（心脏等）扑扑地跳;砰地撞到
n.砰的重击声;重击，捶击;（电话中的）电报噪音;[无线]键击噪音
例句：I heard you thumping on the door.
我听见你咚咚地砸门。
2、flutter 读音：英 [ˈflʌtə(r)] 美 [ˈflʌtɚ]
vi.飘动;鼓翼
vt. vi.振翼，拍翅膀;烦扰，坐立不安;（旗帜）飘扬
n.颤振;飘扬;紧张，激动不安;（身体部分的）病态阵跳
例句：The look in his eyes made my heart flutter.
他的眼神让我心里扑通扑通直跳。
3、pound 读音：英 [paʊnd] 美 [paʊnd]
n.磅;英镑;兽栏;重击声
vt. vi.连续重击;咚咚地走
vi.（持续地）苦干;（驾舟时）拍打（水面）;（心脏）狂跳;脚步沉重地走（或跑）
vt.连续重击;捣碎，碾碎;强迫吸收;猛烈袭击
例句：He pounded the table with his fist
他用拳头猛击桌子。
4、pulsate 读音：英 [pʌlˈseɪt] 美 [ˈpʌlseɪt]
vi.搏动;悸动;有规律地跳动
例句：Grosskopf himself believes that photons "pulsate" in the direction of light.
他相信光子循光的方向做有规律跳动。
fly
读音：英 [flaɪ]、美 [flaɪ]
释义：
v. 飞；坐飞机；驾驶；逃跑；悬挂。
n. 苍蝇；飞行；两翼昆虫。
语法：
fly的基本意思是“飞”“飞行”，指鸟、昆虫或飞行器在空中飞翔或航行，引申可表示“乘飞机飞越〔旅行〕”“驾驶〔操作〕飞行器”“用飞行器运送(货物或乘客)”。fly作“乘飞机旅行”解时，常用现在时或现在进行时代替将来时，此时须有表示将来的时间状语或特定的上下文。
fly还可作“飞奔”“飞驰”解，指人、汽车、火车以极快的速度向前行进或指时间飞快的流逝。fly也可表示“在空中飘动”“自由地移动”“猛然移动”，作此解时， fly是不及物动词，其后一般须加副词。
beat，意为打，击，敲；冲击；拍打；扑动，跳动；打败，胜过等意思。
第三人称单数：beats 现在分词：beating 过去式：beat过去分词：beaten
beat的词性：
vi. （心脏等）跳动;搜索;（风、雨等）吹打;（鼓）咚咚地响。
vt. vi 接连地击打。
vt. 打败;敲打;控制;避免。
n. 节拍;（鼓的）一击;管区。
adj. [美国口语]大吃一惊的;[常作 B-]“反传统一代”成员的;摇滚音乐的;[口语]（体力或情绪上）疲劳不堪的。
[例句]My wife tried to stop them and they beat her
我妻子想阻止他们，他们就打了她。
扩展资料：
beat的用法：
1、beat的用法1: beat用作动词的基本意思是打”,指连续的击打，其目的一般是加害或惩罚他人击打动作则迅速而有序，-般不指明使用的器具。引申可表示娱乐场合或比赛中“打 败”“战胜”“胜过” ;还可表示“难倒”,"无法解答”。
2、beat的用法2: beat还可指心脏等有节律的舒张与收缩、跳动或使某物不停地上下动、拍动。
3、beat的用法3: beat作 “击打”解时主语般为人，宾语可为人,也可为物作“拍打”解 pn第人的中信时，主语多为风、雨、海浪等名词“拍打在..(地方)” 则用at, on, against等引起的介词短语。
4、beat的用法4: beat可用作不及物动词也可用作及物动词。用作及物动词时，可接名词或代词作宾语可用于被动结构。
5、beat的用法5: beat可接以名词、形容词、副词或介词短语充当补足语的复合宾语意思。
6、beat的用法6: beat的过去分词可以是beat或beaten,但beat现在一般只用于形容词或非正式英语中，意思是“很疲乏”或指五六十年代的“奇装异服的"，其他场合一律用beaten。
7、beat的用法7: beat用作名词的基本意思是“敲打" ,也可指“敲打声”即有节奏地连续击打、敲打或指敲打时发出的声音，,还可作“拍子”解,指音乐节奏的拍子。引申可表示“常去之地”指过去访问过或游览过的地方。
8、beat的用法8: beat还可指“跳动"“悸动”即心脏、脉搏等的一次跳动。
9、beat的用法9: beat作“拍子”解时，一般用于单数形式,其前须加定冠词the。
参考资料： 百度百科_beat的用法
Shirley老师带你精读《哈利波特》，体验魔法世界！
精读方法：
先听录音，读英文部分，不懂的地方暂停看词汇和翻译，查单词。
了解大意后，做盲听训练，直到能够听懂每个句子。
最后，生词和精彩的句子摘抄下来，单词要复习，句子要在写作的时候用上，多复习多使用才会巩固学习成果。
建议大家读纸质书或打印出来，方便划单词和句子、记笔记。
电子书等材料领取方式见作者介绍。
Chapter One The Boy Who Lived
大难不死的男孩
语境词汇
The Dursleys shuddered to think what the neighbors would say if the Potters arrived in the street.
shudder ['ʃʌdə]
n.发抖；战栗；震动 vi.发抖；战栗
None of them noticed a large, tawny owl flutter past the window.
tawny ['tɔːnɪ]
n.黄褐色；茶色 adj.黄褐色的；茶色的
flutter ['flʌtə]
vi.飘动；鼓翼；烦扰 vt.拍；使焦急；使飘动n.摆动；鼓翼；烦扰
"Little tyke," chortled Mr. Dursley as he left the house.
chortle ['tʃɔːt(ə)l]
vi.咯咯笑 n.得意的高笑
It was on the corner of the street that he noticed the first sign of something peculiar -- a cat reading a map.
peculiar [pɪ'kjulɪɚ]
adj. 特殊的；独特的；奇怪的；罕见的 n. 特权；特有财产
There was a tabby cat standing on the corner of Privet Drive, but there wasn't a map in sight.
tabby ['tæbɪ]
n.平纹；斑猫；长舌妇 adj.起波纹的；有斑纹的 vt.使起波纹
Mr. Dursley couldn't bear people who dressed in funny clothes -- the getups you saw on young people!
getup ['ɡetʌp]
n.服饰，式样；装订格式
But then it struck Mr. Dursley that this was probably some silly stunt — these people were obviously collecting for something…
stunt [stʌnt]
n.噱头，手腕；绝技vt.阻碍…的正常生长或发展vi.表演特技；作惊人表演
He didn't see the owls swooping past in broad daylight, though people down in the street did; they pointed and gazed open-mouthed as owl after owl sped overhead.
swoop [swuːp]
vi.猛扑；突然袭击 n.猛扑；俯冲；突然袭击vt.攫取；抓起
It was on his way back past them, clutching a large doughnut in a bag, that he caught a few words of what they were saying.
clutch [klʌtʃ]
n.离合器；控制；手；紧急关头
vi.企图抓住vt.抓住；紧握 adj.没有手提带或背带的；紧要关头的
"Sorry," he grunted, as the tiny old man stumbled and almost fell.
grunt [grʌnt]
n.咕哝；呼噜声vi.作呼噜声；发哼声vt.咕哝着说
stumble /ˈstʌmbl/
vi. 踌躇，蹒跚；失足；犯错vt. 使…困惑；使…绊倒n. 绊倒；蹒跚而行
He was rattled.
rattle ['ræt(ə)l]
vt.使发出咯咯声；喋喋不休；使慌乱，使惊慌
vi.喋喋不休地讲话；发出卡嗒卡嗒声 n.喋喋不休的人；吓吱声，格格声
The newscaster allowed himself a grin.
grin [grɪn]
v.露齿而笑，咧着嘴笑n.露齿笑
Mrs. Dursley sipped her tea through pursed lips.
purse /pɜːs/
n. (女士)手提袋；财力 vt.（嘴巴）皱起，使缩拢；撅嘴
It didn't so much as quiver when a car door slammed on the next street, nor when two owls swooped overhead.
quiver /ˈkwɪvə(r)/
n. 颤抖；箭袋；震动vi. 颤抖；振动vt. 使…颤动；抖动
The cat's tail twitched and its eyes narrowed.
twitch [twɪtʃ]
n.抽搐；抽动；痉挛；阵痛 vi.抽搐；抽动；阵痛vt.使抽动；攫取；猛拉
He chuckled and muttered, "I should have known."
chuckle ['tʃʌk(ə)l]
vi.咯咯的笑，轻声地笑n.轻笑，窃笑vt.轻声笑着表示
She looked distinctly ruffled.
ruffle ['rʌf(ə)l]
vt.弄皱；触怒；扰乱；迅速翻动 vi.起皱；烦恼；连续地轻敲
n.皱褶；生气；混乱；连续轻敲声
Professor McGonagall flinched, but Dumbledore, who was unsticking two lemon drops, seemed not to notice.
flinch ['flɪn(t)ʃ]
vi.退缩；畏惧n.退缩；畏惧
"I know you haven't, said Professor McGonagall, sounding half exasperated, half admiring.
exasperate [ɪg'zæsp(ə)reɪt; eg-]
vt.恶化；使恼怒；激怒
Professor McGonagall gasped.
gasp [gɑːsp]
vi.喘气；喘息；渴望vt.气喘吁吁地说；喘着气说话n.喘气
Professor McGonagall's voice trembled as she went on.
tremble /ˈtrembl/
vi. 发抖；焦虑；摇晃vt. 使挥动；用颤抖的声音说n. 颤抖；战栗；摇晃
Dumbledore nodded glumly.
glumly ['glʌmli]
adv.忧郁地；闷闷不乐地（glum的副词）
"It's -- it's true?" faltered Professor McGonagall.
falter ['fɔːltə; 'fɒl-]
vi.支吾；蹒跚地走vt.支吾地说；结巴地讲出n.踌躇；支吾；颤抖
It's just astounding... of all the things to stop him... but how in the name of heaven did Harry survive?"
astounding [ə'staʊndɪŋ]
adj.令人震惊的；令人惊骇的
"A letter?" repeated Professor McGonagall faintly, sitting back down on the wall.
faint /feɪnt/
adj. 模糊的；头晕的；虚弱的；[医] 衰弱的
vi. 昏倒；变得微弱；变得没气力n. [中医] 昏厥，昏倒
"I'm not saying his heart isn't in the right place," said Professor McGonagall grudgingly, "but you can't pretend he's not careless. He does tend to -- what was that?"
grudge [grʌdʒ]
vt.怀恨；吝惜；妒忌；不情愿做 n.怨恨；恶意；妒忌
A low rumbling sound had broken the silence around them.
rumble ['rʌmb(ə)l]
vt.使隆隆响；低沉地说vi.隆隆作响n.隆隆声；抱怨声
"No, sir -- house was almost destroyed, but I got him out all right before the Muggles started swarmin' around. He fell asleep as we was flyin' over Bristol."
swarm [swɔːm]
vi.挤满；成群浮游；云集 n.蜂群；一大群 vt.挤满；爬
Under a tuft of jet-black hair over his forehead they could see a curiously shaped cut, like a bolt of lightning.
bolt [bəʊlt]
n.螺栓，螺钉；闪电，雷电；门闩；弩箭;（布的）一匹，一卷
vt.筛选；囫囵吞下；（把门、窗等）闩上；突然说出，脱口说出
vi.（门窗等）闩上，拴住；冲出，跳出；（马等的）脱缰；囫囵吞下
adv.突然地；像箭似地；直立地
He bent his great, shaggy head over Harry and gave him what must have been a very scratchy, whiskery kiss.
shaggy ['ʃægɪ]
adj.蓬松的；表面粗糙的；毛发粗浓杂乱的
whiskery ['hwiskəri]
adj.年长的；有须的；古老的
"Yes, yes, it's all very sad, but get a grip on yourself, Hagrid, or we'll be found," Professor McGonagall whispered, patting Hagrid gingerly on the arm as Dumbledore stepped over the low garden wall and walked to the front door.
gingerly ['dʒɪndʒəlɪ]
adv.小心翼翼地；慎重地adj.谨慎的；轻手轻脚的；慎重的
"Yeah," said Hagrid in a very muffled voice, "I'll be takin' Sirius his bike back. G'night, Professor McGonagall -- Professor Dumbledore, sir."
muffle /ˈmʌfl/
vt. 蒙住；裹住；抑制；发低沉的声音
n. 低沉的声音；消声器；包裹物（如头巾，围巾等）；唇鼻部
He clicked it once, and twelve balls of light sped back to their street lamps so that Privet Drive glowed suddenly orange and he could make out a tabby cat slinking around the corner at the other end of the street.
slink [slɪŋk]
vi.潜逃；溜走vt.早产；潜逃n.早产的动物；鬼鬼祟祟的人adj.早产的
One small hand closed on the letter beside him and he slept on, not knowing he was special, not knowing he was famous, not knowing he would be woken in a few hours' time by Mrs. Dursley's scream as she opened the front door to put out the milk bottles, nor that he would spend the next few weeks being prodded and pinched by his cousin Dudley...
prod [prɒd]
n.刺针；刺棒；签子vt.刺，戳；刺激vi.刺；捅
pinch [pɪn(t)ʃ]
vt.捏；勒索；使苦恼；掐掉某物，修剪n.匮乏；少量；夹痛vi.夹痛；节省
精彩句型
Fear flooded him.
描写恐惧，或替换成其他情绪。
He dashed back across the road, hurried up to his office, snapped at his secretary not to disturb him, seized his telephone, and had almost finished dialing his home number when he changed his mind.
描写一连串急躁的动作，这一段很德思礼。
On the contrary, his face split into a wide smile and he said in a squeaky voice that made passersby stare, "Don't be sorry, my dear sir, for nothing could upset me today! Rejoice, for You-Know-Who has gone at last! Even Muggles like yourself should be celebrating, this happy, happy day!"
这是本书第一次提到，伏地魔消失了！麻瓜也应该高兴！
Mr. Dursley stood rooted to the spot.
关于惊呆的描写。
How very wrong he was.
德思礼以为波特一家绝不会与他有任何的联系，谁知道第二天早上的门垫子上，一个额头上带着伤疤的小男孩，与他开始了密不可分的关系……
Nothing like this man had ever been seen on Privet Drive. He was tall, thin, and very old, judging by the silver of his hair and beard, which were both long enough to tuck into his belt. He was wearing long robes, a purple cloak that swept the ground, and high-heeled, buckled boots. His blue eyes were light, bright, and sparkling behind half-moon spectacles and his nose was very long and crooked, as though it had been broken at least twice. This man's name was Albus Dumbledore.
最伟大的巫师，阿不思邓布利多，第一次出场。外貌描写很传神。
It was plain that whatever "everyone" was saying, she was not going to believe it until Dumbledore told her it was true.
麦格教授，以及很多巫师，都只会相信邓布利多。
"Lily and James... I can't believe it... I didn't want to believe it... Oh, Albus..." Dumbledore reached out and patted her on the shoulder. "I know... I know..." he said heavily.
描写难过与安慰。莉莉和詹姆斯，哈利波特的父母，去世了。
"We can only guess," said Dumbledore. "We may never know."
邓布利多教授在大多数时候，总是如此谨慎。
"Exactly," said Dumbledore, looking very seriously over the top of his half-moon glasses. "It would be enough to turn any boy's head. Famous before he can walk and talk! Famous for something he won't even remember! Can't you see how much better off he'll be, growing up away from all that until he's ready to take it?"
关于哈利波特为什么要留在德思礼家，邓布利多给出的解释。
“I would trust Hagrid with my life," said Dumbledore.
邓布利多对海格的信任。
If the motorcycle was huge, it was nothing to the man sitting astride it. He was almost twice as tall as a normal man and at least five times as wide. He looked simply too big to be allowed, and so wild - long tangles of bushy black hair and beard hid most of his face, he had hands the size of trash can lids, and his feet in their leather boots were like baby dolphins. In his vast, muscular arms he was holding a bundle of blankets.
海格第一次出场。
For a full minute the three of them stood and looked at the little bundle; Hagrid's shoulders shook, Professor McGonagall blinked furiously, and the twinkling light that usually shone from Dumbledore's eyes seemed to have gone out.
邓布利多，麦格教授，海格，一起凝视着还是个婴儿的哈利波特。
"Good luck, Harry," he murmured. He turned on his heel and with a swish of his cloak, he was gone.
邓布利多对哈利说的第一句话，也是第一次道别。
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重庆分公司
