快捷方式管理（pyqt5升级版）附代码纯干货pytq5p

之前用python写了个小软件https://blog.51cto.com/ikezcn/2142638
说实话用tk的话界面确实不好看,所以需要改进,看了pyqt5的介绍想要试一下，对于上次写的软件来说这里只是更改了界面而已。上面的程序不再更新。

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使用的软件：
python3.6
pyqt5 安装:pip insatll pyqt5

界面：

代码(干货来了，之后会不定时更新)：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#v2.0 2018-08-30更新
#v2.1 2018-08-31更新
#现在可以使用pyinsatller打包了，新增了样式表，就算没有数据库也会自己创建并增加数据表,隐藏列名
#v2.2 2018-09-05更新
#增加了左边一列用来做查询条件,双击就可以搜索.
#右键右边的路径可以添加搜索条件.
#最后遇到一个问题:多次使用setFilter会造成模型出现问题导致无法写入数据库,这里就直接跳过模型自己插入数据库
#v2.3 2018-09-06更新
#增加刷新菜单,显示所有路径,修复bug
#v2.4 2018-09-11更新
#小修小补
import sys,os
from PyQt5 import sip
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt,QVariant,QFile,QIODevice,QItemSelectionModel
from PyQt5.QtSql import QSqlDatabase,QSqlTableModel,QSqlQuery,QSqlRecord
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QPushButton,QLabel,QCheckBox,QHBoxLayout,QVBoxLayout,QWidget,QMenu,QMainWindow,QMessageBox,QHeaderView,QAction, qApp, QApplication, QDesktopWidget , QGridLayout,QTableView,QAbstractItemView
from PyQt5.QtGui import QIcon,QContextMenuEvent

import win32api
import win32con

class Icon(QMainWindow):

    def __init__(self,model,sqlite,query,view,sview,smodel):
        super().__init__()

        self.model = model
        self.sqlite = sqlite
        self.query = query
        self.view = view
        self.sview = sview
        self.smodel = smodel

        if self.sqlite.open():#如果没有找到数据库文件就自动创建
            self.query.exec("select count(*) from sqlite_master where type='table' and name='lj'")
            if self.query.next():
                if self.query.value(0) == 0:
                    self.query.prepare("CREATE TABLE lj(id integer primary key,lj text not NULL,isdel BOOLEAN DEFAULT 0)")
                    if not self.query.exec():
                        QMessageBox.information(self,"数据表创建失败",self.query.lastError().text())
                    self.query.prepare("CREATE TABLE cxtj(cxtj text not NULL)")
                    if not self.query.exec():
                        QMessageBox.information(self,"数据表创建失败",self.query.lastError().text())
        else:
            QMessageBox.information(self,"程序将关闭",self.sqlite.lastError().text())
            sys.exit(app.exec_())

        self.setAcceptDrops(True)
        self.statusBar().showMessage('Reday')

        delAction = QAction("&删除", self)
        delAction.setShortcut("Ctrl+D")
        delAction.setStatusTip("删除选定的行")
        delAction.triggered.connect(self.delrow)

        deltableAction = QAction("&全部删除", self)
        deltableAction.setStatusTip("删除所有的行")
        deltableAction.triggered.connect(self.deltable)

        vacuumAction = QAction("&整理数据库", self)
        vacuumAction.setShortcut("Ctrl+D")
        vacuumAction.setStatusTip("让数据库变小")
        vacuumAction.triggered.connect(self.vacuum)

        selectAction = QAction("&刷新", self)
        selectAction.setShortcut("Ctrl+R")
        selectAction.setStatusTip("显示所有路径")
        selectAction.triggered.connect(self.selectAll)

        menubar = self.menuBar()
        menubar.addAction(delAction)
        setMenu = menubar.addMenu('&设置')
        setMenu.addAction(vacuumAction)
        setMenu.addAction(deltableAction)
        menubar.addAction(selectAction)

        widget = QWidget()
        QMainWindow.setCentralWidget(self,widget)

        layout = QHBoxLayout(self) #QHBoxLayout水平排列
        layout.addWidget(self.sview)
        layout.addWidget(self.view)
        layout.setStretchFactor(self.sview,1) #显示的比例 1:3
        layout.setStretchFactor(self.view,3)
        self.table1()
        self.stable()
        widget.setLayout(layout)

        self.resize(800, 600)
        self.center() #居中
        self.setWindowTitle("快捷方式")
        #self.setWindowIcon(QIcon("icon.png"))
        self.show()
    def selectAll(self):
        self.model.setFilter("1=1")

    def delrow(self):
        if self.view.selectionModel().hasSelection():
            self.query.prepare("delete from lj where lj=?")
            self.query.bindValue(0,QVariant(self.view.currentIndex().data()))
            if self.query.exec():
                self.model.setFilter("1=1")
            else:
                QMessageBox.information(self,"删除错误",self.model.lastError().text())

        if self.sview.selectionModel().hasSelection():
            self.query.prepare("delete from cxtj where cxtj=?")
            self.query.bindValue(0,QVariant(self.sview.currentIndex().data()))
            if self.query.exec():
                self.smodel.setFilter("1=1")
            else:
                QMessageBox.information(self,"删除错误",self.smodel.lastError().text())

    def deltable(self):
        ret = QMessageBox.question(self,"提示!","是否删除全部路径",QMessageBox.Ok | QMessageBox.Cancel,QMessageBox.Cancel)
        if 0x00000400 == ret: #OK
            self.query.prepare("delete from lj")
            if not self.query.exec():
                QMessageBox.information(self,"删除错误",self.model.lastError().text())
            self.query.prepare("delete from cxtj")
            if not self.query.exec():
                QMessageBox.information(self,"删除错误",self.smodel.lastError().text())

    def vacuum(self):
        self.query.exec("VACUUM")

    def center(self): #窗口居中
        #QtGui.QDesktopWidget提供了关于用户桌面的信息，包括屏幕尺寸。
        qr = self.frameGeometry()
        cp = QDesktopWidget().availableGeometry().center()
        qr.moveCenter(cp)
        self.move(qr.topLeft())

    def sql(self):
        sqlite = QSqlDatabase.addDatabase("QSQLITE")
        sqlite.setDatabaseName("db")
        return sqlite

    def table1(self):
        self.model.setTable("lj")
        #self.model.setFilter("isdel = 0") #where 条件
        self.model.setSort(1,Qt.AscendingOrder) #按lj列排序
        self.model.select()
        #self.model.setHeaderData(0, Qt.Horizontal, "ID")
        #self.model.setHeaderData(1, Qt.Horizontal,"路径")
        self.view.setModel(self.model)
        self.view.setEditTriggers(QAbstractItemView.NoEditTriggers) #禁止对表格编辑
        self.view.horizontalHeader().setStretchLastSection(True) #是否填满宽度
        self.view.horizontalHeader().setSectionResizeMode(QHeaderView.Stretch)
        self.view.hideColumn(0)#隐藏列
        self.view.hideColumn(2)#隐藏列
        self.view.setSelectionBehavior(QAbstractItemView.SelectRows) #点击整行选中
        #self.view.setAlternatingRowColors(True) #隔行自动变色
        self.view.verticalHeader().setVisible(False)#隐藏表头
        self.view.horizontalHeader().setVisible(False)#隐藏列名
        self.view.doubleClicked.connect(lambda:self.slotRowDoubleClicked())
        self.view.clicked.connect(lambda:self.singleSelect(view))
        #view.setAcceptDrops(True)
        self.view.show()

    def slotRowDoubleClicked(self):
        try:
            modedata = self.view.currentIndex().data()
            win32api.ShellExecute(0,'open',str(modedata),'','',1)
        except (BaseException):
            QMessageBox.information(self,"错误！","路径不存在!")

    def stable(self):
        self.smodel.setTable("cxtj")
        #self.model.setFilter("isdel = 0") #where 条件
        self.smodel.setSort(0,Qt.AscendingOrder) #按cxtj列排序
        self.smodel.setHeaderData(0, Qt.Horizontal,"搜索条件")
        self.smodel.select()

        self.sview.setModel(self.smodel)
        self.sview.setEditTriggers(QAbstractItemView.NoEditTriggers) #禁止对表格编辑
        self.sview.horizontalHeader().setStretchLastSection(True) #是否填满宽度
        self.sview.horizontalHeader().setSectionResizeMode(QHeaderView.Stretch)
        self.sview.setSelectionBehavior(QAbstractItemView.SelectRows) #点击整行选中
        self.sview.verticalHeader().setVisible(False)#隐藏表头
        self.sview.horizontalHeader().setVisible(False)#隐藏列名
        self.sview.doubleClicked.connect(lambda:self.slotRowDoubleClickedS())
        self.sview.clicked.connect(lambda:self.singleSelect(sview))
        self.sview.show()

    def slotRowDoubleClickedS(self):
        modedata = self.sview.currentIndex().data()
        data = str(modedata)
        if self.sqlite.open():
            self.model.setFilter("lj like '%" + data + "%'") #where 条件
        else:
            QMessageBox.information(self,"程序将关闭",self.sqlite.lastError().text())
            sys.exit(app.exec_())

    def contextMenuEvent(self,event): #右键菜单
        popAction = QAction(self)
        popAction.setText("创建搜索条件")
        popAction.triggered.connect(self.popMenu)
        popMenubar = QMenu(self)
        popMenubar.addAction(popAction)
        popMenubar.exec(self.cursor().pos())

    def popMenu(self):
        i = 0
        sdata = []
        modedata = self.view.currentIndex().data()
        data = str(modedata)
        for txt in data.split("\\"):
            sdata.append((i,txt))
            i = i + 1
        self.cbWindow = cbWindow(sdata,self.sqlite,self.query,self.smodel)

    # def enableBorder(self, enable):
    #     if enable:
    #         self.setStyleSheet("MainWidget{border:3px solid #165E23}")
    #     else:
    #         self.setStyleSheet('')

    def dragEnterEvent(self, event):
        if event.mimeData().hasUrls():
            event.acceptProposedAction()
            #self.enableBorder(True)
        else:
            event.ignore()

    def dragMoveEvent(self, event):
        if event.mimeData().hasUrls():
            event.setDropAction(Qt.LinkAction)
            event.accept()
        else:
            event.ignore()

    #def dragLeaveEvent(self, event):
        #print('dragLeaveEvent...')
        #self.enableBorder(False)

    def dropEvent(self, event):
        #self.model.setFilter("1=1")
        if event.mimeData().hasUrls():
            counts = -1        
            #record = self.model.record()
            # 遍历输出拖动进来的所有文件路径
            for url in event.mimeData().urls():
                self.query.prepare("select count(*) as c from lj where lj=?") #不加 as c会报错
                pathStr = url.toLocalFile().replace('/','\\')
                self.query.bindValue(0,QVariant(pathStr))
                if self.query.exec():
                    while self.query.next():
                        counts = self.query.value(0)
                if counts > 0:
                    QMessageBox.information(self,"已存在！",pathStr)
                elif counts == 0:
                    #record.setValue(1,QVariant(pathStr)) #lj列
                    #record.setValue(2,QVariant(0)) #isdel列
                    #self.model.insertRecord(-1,record)
                    self.query.prepare("insert into lj(lj) values(?)")
                    self.query.bindValue(0,QVariant(pathStr))
                    self.query.exec()
                elif counts == -1:
                    return
            event.acceptProposedAction()
            self.model.setFilter("1=1")
            #print(self.model.lastError().text())
        else:
            event.ignore()

    def singleSelect(self,lstView):
        if lstView == self.view:
            if self.sview.selectionModel().hasSelection():
                self.sview.selectionModel().clearSelection()
        if lstView == self.sview:
            if self.view.selectionModel().hasSelection():
                self.view.selectionModel().clearSelection()
        # for lstViewI in lstViews:
        #     if lstViewI == lstView:
        #        continue
        #     # the check is necessary to prevent recursions...
        #     if lstViewI.selectionModel().hasSelection():
        #       # ...as this causes emission of selectionChanged() signal as well:
        #        lstViewI.selectionModel().clearSelection()

    def closeEvent(self,event):
        if self.sqlite.isOpen():
            self.sqlite.close()
        self.close()

class cbWindow(QWidget):
    def __init__(self,sdata,sqlite,query,smodel):
        super().__init__()
        self.sdata = sdata
        self.sqlite = sqlite
        self.query = query
        self.smodel = smodel
        self.cbStr = []
        layout = QVBoxLayout()
        #items = [(0, 'Python'), (1, 'Golang'), (2, 'JavaScript'), (3, 'Ruby')]
        for id_, txt in self.sdata:
            checkBox = QCheckBox(txt, self)
            checkBox.id_ = id_
            checkBox.stateChanged.connect(self.checkLanguage) #1
            layout.addWidget(checkBox)

        self.lMessage = QLabel(self)
        layout.addWidget(self.lMessage)
        self.button1 = QPushButton("保存",self)
        self.button1.clicked.connect(self.checkbutton1)
        layout.addWidget(self.button1)
        self.setLayout(layout)
        self.setWindowTitle("选择搜索条件")
        self.resize(200, 300)
        self.show()

    def checkLanguage(self, state):
        checkBox = self.sender()
        if state == Qt.Unchecked:
            self.cbStr.remove((checkBox.id_, checkBox.text()))
            #print(self.cbStr)
            #self.lMessage.setText(u'取消选择了{0}: {1}'.format(checkBox.id_, checkBox.text()))
        elif state == Qt.Checked:
            self.cbStr.append((checkBox.id_, checkBox.text()))
            #print(self.cbStr)
            #self.lMessage.setText(u'选择了{0}: {1}'.format(checkBox.id_, checkBox.text()))

    def checkbutton1(self):
        counts = -1
        if self.sqlite.isOpen():
            for id_, txt in self.cbStr:
                self.query.prepare("select count(*) as c from cxtj where cxtj=?")
                self.query.bindValue(0,QVariant(txt))
                if self.query.exec():
                    while query.next():
                        counts = query.value(0)
                    if counts == 0:
                        self.query.prepare("insert into cxtj(cxtj) values(?)")
                        self.query.bindValue(0,QVariant(txt))
                        if self.query.exec():
                            self.smodel.setFilter("1=1")
                        else:
                            QMessageBox.information(self,"查询条件写入错误","查询条件写入错误")
            self.close()
        else:
            QMessageBox.information(self,"程序将关闭",self.sqlite.lastError().text())
            sys.exit(app.exec_())

    def closeEvent(self,event):
        self.close()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    qss = QFile("stylesheet.qss") #样式表
    qss.open(QIODevice.ReadOnly)  #样式表
    app.setStyleSheet(str(qss.readAll(),encoding='utf-8')) #样式表
    #样式表 http://doc.qt.io/qt-5/stylesheet-customizing.html
    #样式表 http://doc.qt.io/qt-5/stylesheet-reference.html (QTableView stylesheet)
    qss.close() #样式表
    sqlite = QSqlDatabase.addDatabase("QSQLITE")
    sqlite.setDatabaseName("db")
    model = QSqlTableModel(None,sqlite)
    model.setEditStrategy(QSqlTableModel.OnManualSubmit)
    smodel = QSqlTableModel(None,sqlite)
    smodel.setEditStrategy(QSqlTableModel.OnManualSubmit)
    query = QSqlQuery(sqlite)
    view = QTableView()
    #view.setSelectionMode(QTableView.SingleSelection)
    sview = QTableView()
    #view.setSelectionMode(QTableView.SingleSelection)
    icon = Icon(model,sqlite,query,view,sview,smodel)

    sys.exit(app.exec_())

数据库 db

CREATE TABLE lj(id integer primary key,lj text not NULL,isdel BOOLEAN DEFAULT 0)
CREATE TABLE cxtj(cxtj text not NULL)

qss样式表 stylesheet.qss

QTableView {
gridline-color: white;
selection-background-color: rgb(74,112,139);        /*选中区域的背景色*/
font: bold 14px;
/*注释*/
}
QMenuBar{
font: 14px;
}
QStatusBar{
font: 14px;
}

QT的样式表使用起来确实很方便，按CSS做的很多地方都是一样的，代码里有qt官网的样式表介绍连接

说说PYQT5与TK的使用感觉，TK上手方便，拿起来就能写，PYQT5需要了解它的工作机制所以上手时间会比较长。比较喜欢qss、tableview、tablemodel，qss可以很方便的调整样式而且和js很像，用过js的上手那叫一个快，tableview与tablemodel联动可以少些很多代码，最主要的它的容错度很高，有些可以不用写try也不会造成程序停止运行，这点很重要，哈哈，重要的点就在于‘懒’。

程序打包之后可以直接修改stylesheet.qss，样式一样会改变好方便，可以做定制，赞。